Atlas / Comparisons / Maoism vs Neoliberalism

Maoism and Neoliberalism

Measured distance across six axes

27.3 / 49.0 possible

Opposed programmes with little shared ground. They agree within three points on CU. They diverge by eight points or more on EC, AU, CH.

Axis by axis

AxisMao Zedong ThoughtMont Pèlerin, ChicagoGapReading
EC · Economic organisation−10+0919DivergesCarries the disagreement. Any claim that these two are alike has to explain this.
CU · Social and cultural order−02+013AgreesEffectively the same position. Not what an argument between them is about.
AU · Organisation of power+10−0212DivergesCarries the disagreement. Any claim that these two are alike has to explain this.
SC · Scale of decision+09+027DiffersReal difference, but not the dividing line.
ID · Rule of membership+04−026DiffersReal difference, but not the dividing line.
CH · Method and tempo+10−0212DivergesCarries the disagreement. Any claim that these two are alike has to explain this.

Each axis runs from −10 to +10; the distance is the straight-line separation across all six at once, out of a maximum of 49.0. How the scoring works →

The evidence behind the widest gaps

A distance figure is worth nothing unless the scores behind it can be checked. These are the artefacts supporting the axes that separate these two most.

Mao Zedong Thought · EC −10

Total state and collective ownership including the abolition of household farming.

  • Documented act or statuteCommunes established from 1958 abolished private plots and household cooking.
  • ScholarshipThe Great Leap Forward famine of 1959–61 is estimated at between fifteen and forty-five million deaths.

Mont Pèlerin, Chicago · EC +09

Far market pole on doctrine, with the important caveat that most named exponents rejected pure laissez-faire.

  • Programme textThe 1947 Mont Pèlerin statement of aims defends the market order and also the rule of law and a competitive framework.

Mao Zedong Thought · AU +10

At the ceiling, with the distinctive feature that the party's own institutions were destroyed from above and below.

  • Documented act or statuteThe head of state was purged and died in detention in 1969 without trial.

Mont Pèlerin, Chicago · AU −02

Coded slightly negative: the doctrine constrains majorities through rules and independent bodies, which disperses rather than concentrates authority.

  • ScholarshipCentral bank independence, fiscal rules and treaty commitments remove decisions from ordinary majority revision.
  • ScholarshipThis is delegation, not concentration; the entry for technocratic centrism is coded positive on the same reasoning and separates the two.

What this comparison does not establish

Proximity means similarity of stated position. It carries no claim about competence, circumstance, scale of operation, or what either organisation actually did to the people under it. Two organisations can sit close together and produce entirely different histories, because those things are not on any axis and could not be.

Maoism

1949–1976 · China

Peasant-based revolution, continuous class struggle after the seizure of power, permanent mobilisation against the party's own institutions.

Neoliberalism

1947– · International

Market competition as the organising principle of policy, insulated from democratic interference by rules and independent institutions.

Distance is not the whole answer. Two organisations can sit the same distance apart for entirely different reasons, and the reason is the content of any claim about them. Open the comparison in the atlas to weight the axes yourself.

Open in the atlas