Atlas / Comparisons / Italian Fascism vs Khomeinism
Italian Fascism and Khomeinism
Measured distance across six axes
Effectively the same position. They agree within three points on CU, AU, SC, ID, CH. No axis separates them by eight points or more.
Axis by axis
| Axis | PNF | Velayat-e faqih | Gap | Reading | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EC · Economic organisation | +01 | −03 | 4 | Differs | Real difference, but not the dividing line. |
| CU · Social and cultural order | +08 | +10 | 2 | Agrees | Effectively the same position. Not what an argument between them is about. |
| AU · Organisation of power | +09 | +09 | 0 | Agrees | Effectively the same position. Not what an argument between them is about. |
| SC · Scale of decision | +09 | +08 | 1 | Agrees | Effectively the same position. Not what an argument between them is about. |
| ID · Rule of membership | +07 | +09 | 2 | Agrees | Effectively the same position. Not what an argument between them is about. |
| CH · Method and tempo | +07 | +07 | 0 | Agrees | Effectively the same position. Not what an argument between them is about. |
Each axis runs from −10 to +10; the distance is the straight-line separation across all six at once, out of a maximum of 49.0. How the scoring works →
The evidence behind the widest gaps
A distance figure is worth nothing unless the scores behind it can be checked. These are the artefacts supporting the axes that separate these two most.
PNF · EC +01
Near the centre: private ownership retained, unions abolished, and a very large state shareholding built during the depression.
- Documented act or statuteThe IRI, created in 1933, gave the state the largest industrial holding in Europe outside the Soviet Union while leaving firms nominally private.
- Programme textThe 1927 Labour Charter organised employers and workers into state syndicates and outlawed strikes.
Velayat-e faqih · EC −03
Coded −3: very large state and foundation ownership alongside a private bazaar economy.
- Documented act or statuteThe bonyad religious foundations control a substantial share of non-oil GDP and report to the supreme leader.
What this comparison does not establish
Proximity means similarity of stated position. It carries no claim about competence, circumstance, scale of operation, or what either organisation actually did to the people under it. Two organisations can sit close together and produce entirely different histories, because those things are not on any axis and could not be.
Italian Fascism
1922–1943 · Italy
The nation as an organic whole realised in the state; violence as regenerative; liberalism and Marxism both to be destroyed.
Khomeinism
1979– · Iran
Guardianship of the jurist: sovereignty belongs to God and is exercised by a supreme clerical authority over an elected government.
Distance is not the whole answer. Two organisations can sit the same distance apart for entirely different reasons, and the reason is the content of any claim about them. Open the comparison in the atlas to weight the axes yourself.
Open in the atlas