Atlas / Comparisons / Classical Liberalism vs Mensheviks
Classical Liberalism and Mensheviks
Measured distance across six axes
Opposed programmes with little shared ground. They agree within three points on CU, AU. They diverge by eight points or more on EC.
Axis by axis
| Axis | Manchester School | RSDLP(m) | Gap | Reading | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EC · Economic organisation | +09 | −08 | 17 | Diverges | Carries the disagreement. Any claim that these two are alike has to explain this. |
| CU · Social and cultural order | −02 | −05 | 3 | Agrees | Effectively the same position. Not what an argument between them is about. |
| AU · Organisation of power | −07 | −04 | 3 | Agrees | Effectively the same position. Not what an argument between them is about. |
| SC · Scale of decision | −03 | +03 | 6 | Differs | Real difference, but not the dividing line. |
| ID · Rule of membership | −03 | −07 | 4 | Differs | Real difference, but not the dividing line. |
| CH · Method and tempo | −04 | +02 | 6 | Differs | Real difference, but not the dividing line. |
Each axis runs from −10 to +10; the distance is the straight-line separation across all six at once, out of a maximum of 49.0. How the scoring works →
The evidence behind the widest gaps
A distance figure is worth nothing unless the scores behind it can be checked. These are the artefacts supporting the axes that separate these two most.
Manchester School · EC +09
Coded +9: free exchange as the organising principle of policy.
- Documented act or statuteThe Anti-Corn Law League secured repeal in 1846, the defining victory of the school.
RSDLP(m) · EC −08
Coded within one point of the Bolsheviks: the disagreement was about sequence and method, not about ownership.
- Programme textBoth factions accepted the same Second Congress programme of 1903 on socialisation of the means of production.
What this comparison does not establish
Proximity means similarity of stated position. It carries no claim about competence, circumstance, scale of operation, or what either organisation actually did to the people under it. Two organisations can sit close together and produce entirely different histories, because those things are not on any axis and could not be.
Classical Liberalism
1776–1900 · Britain, Europe
Individual liberty, free trade, freedom of contract, religious toleration, constitutional and limited government.
Mensheviks
1903–1921 · Russia
Russia must pass through a bourgeois-democratic stage; socialism cannot be decreed by a minority.
Distance is not the whole answer. Two organisations can sit the same distance apart for entirely different reasons, and the reason is the content of any claim about them. Open the comparison in the atlas to weight the axes yourself.
Open in the atlas